Spine Deformation

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Spinal alignment and curvature can be altered in many ways. They can occur as a result of a birth defect, a child's growth, aging, injury, or previous spine surgery. The most common type of spinal deformity in adults is degenerative scoliosis.

Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a side-to-side curvature of the spine that can develop in adults when their facet joints and discs begin to deteriorate. The facet joints give the spine flexibility, enabling us to twist, stretch, or curl up on the couch. When these joints deteriorate, the spine bones can tilt and begin to shift to one side.

Kyphosis

Kyphosis is an abnormal forward rounding (more than 50 degrees of curvature) of the spine. In the upper (thoracic) back, kyphosis is commonly due to osteoporotic compression fractures. It can also occur in the lower (lumbar) spine. It limits function and results in a common complaint among older people: "I can't stand up straight." Another common scenario is a patient who has previously had one or more spine surgeries. These patients can develop what is called "flat back syndrome," which means they have lost some of the natural lordosis (inward curvature) of their lower spine. A patient who has had a previous lumbar fusion may develop a junctional kyphosis. In this situation, the spine has weakened right above the fusion, causing the patient's posture to bend forward.

Lordosis

Also called swayback, lordosis is a condition in which the spine curves significantly inward at the lower back, giving a backward leaning appearance.

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