Facial trauma is a serious physical injury that affects the facial bones, tissue, and skin and it is also known as maxillofacial trauma and these types of injuries are not life-threatening injuries until and unless the situation becomes severe bleeding. Injuries to the face, teeth, jaws, and mouth may result in affecting oral function, breathing, vision, facial movement, and physical appearance. If these types of injuries are left without any treatment it may lead to permanent disfigurement or serious facial impairments like inability to talk, eat, or cannot breathe properly. Facial injuries can occur due to sports injuries, falls, acts of violence, or Road accidents, and they are often characterized by swelling, pain, numbness, or bruising in the surrounding tissue. A crooked cavity, sunken cheekbone, or misaligned teeth also can be indications of facial fractures or injuries. A facial fracture is a broken bone in the face such as Nasal bones, orbital bones, zygomas bones or cheekbones, frontal or forehead bones, upper jaw (Maxillary bones), and lower jaw (Mandible bones). Some other bones are found deeper within the facial structures and muscles require for chewing and swallowing are attached to these bones.

Nasal fractures are the most common injury and multiple fractures are mostly happen during a motor vehicle or other high-impact accidents and these fractures may be unilateral which occurs on one side of the face or bilateral which occurs on both sides of the face. If any individual is suffering from the above facial injury, then they must immediately seek medical attention, as some fractures are minor and some may cause irreversible damage and even leads to life-threatening. There are mainly three types of Facial trauma or facial injury.

Mouth or Tooth injury

 These types of injuries occur in the teeth or the bone surrounding the teeth and they usually require immediate treatment to preserve, replace, or reposition the teeth to prevent permanent damage to the bones. To stabilize the teeth or fractured segments, treatment may consist of titanium plates and screws, and wire arch bars, and depending on the severity, you may also require bone grafts or dental implants.

Soft tissue injuries

       Inter-oral lacerations within the mouth, superficial lacerations on the skin, and burns are examples of soft tissue injuries. Immediate Medical care is to be needed to determine the extent of the injury and repair it to stop permanent cosmetic damage and restore function and sensation within the affected area. Soft tissue injuries are often treated with surgical sutures.

Maxillary Fractures or Facial Fractures

       These types of injuries occur on the bones of the face, such as fractures in the upper and lower jaws, nasal cavity, and orbit of the eye. Facial fractures can cause swelling and threaten airways can cause facial bones to separate from the cranial bones.

       Any individual can protect themselves from serious injuries by wearing a seatbelt or helmet while driving and Mouth guard while playing any sports. One must get medical treatment if you have open wounds, blurred or double vision or facing any problem while moving or closing eyes, trouble when swallowing or taking breath, upper and lower jaw pain while moving your jaws, and pain or swelling in the face.  If the fractures are at higher risk, you must follow up two-dimensional face CT scans or three-dimensional reconstructive scans and the fractures are of very small in that particular case X-rays are sufficient.

The journal scope includes Acute Head Trauma, Blunt Trauma, Brain Injury Trauma, Central Nervous System Injury, Cervical Pneumorrhachis, Combat Trauma, Facial Bone Fracture, Femur Fractures, Fracture Fixation, Indentation Fracture, Neurological Disorders, Osteochondral Fracture, Pediatric Trauma, Pelvic Fractures, etc.

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